Low-incomehouseholds can be disproportionately affected by natural disasters which can force households to sacrifice spending on education andpreventative health care in order to support basic consumption exclusion of broader socio-economic costs from disaster assessments hasmajor implications for mitigation and response policy. It shows that the application of cost assessments in practice is often incomplete and biased, as direct costs receive a relatively large amount of attention, while intangible and indirect effects are rarely considered.
28 (2008) 779–799, 2009-01). Views of causation have changed. Natl. Trading-off fish biodiversity, food security, and hydropower in the Mekong River Basin. Mason, V., Andrews, H., & Upton, D. (2010). Therefore, direct costs willonly include assets that were actually inundated, rather than all assetsin flood zones, regardless of mitigation actions and other factors thatmay have prevented inundation. Yet, most costs that are considered to be in-tangible could be estimated with non-market valuation techniques thatare standard practice in economics.
Costing natural hazards. (2005). Few of these methods have been used to assessthe vulnerability of infrastructure to flooding, although I-O analysis hasbeen applied to examining interdependencies between infrastructuresEconomic studies began to investigate the costs of natural disastersnearly thirty years ago.
Also provided is an examination of past disaster losses and hazards management over the past 20 years, including factors--demographic, climate, social--that influence loss. Surprisingly, the literature on the socio-economicimpacts of disasters is thin, data are limited, and studies span severalA more comprehensive understanding of flood impacts on society isgreatly needed to inform risk mitigation. Part of the literature presents adaptation as a continuous, flexible process, based on learning and adjustments (see, e.g., IPCC, 2012). Karim, I. Noy, Poverty and natural disasters: a meta-regression analysis, Rev.D.I.
This paper reviews the empiricalliterature in the fields of economics and civil engineering on the socio-economic costs of floods and other hydro-meteorological disasters. Change 32Joint effects of storm surge and sea-level rise on US Coasts: new economic estimatesof impacts, adaptation, and benefits of mitigation policy, Clim. As a result, it is widely cited in research and policydocuments, including cross-country disaster damage studies.Established by the Center for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters(CRED) in 1988, it draws on multiple sources, with priority given to UNagencies.
95 (2003) 58–70, Louvain – CRED, D. Guha-Sapir, www.emdat.be, Brussels, Belgium.health impacts of urban pluvial flooding in the UK, in: Health Impact Assessment forSustainable Water Management. J. 30 (2015)flooding in cities due to climate change, Water Sci.
Databases have differing thresholds for recording an event.While EM-DAT and SIGMA do impose thresholds and exclude smallerevents, NatCatSERVICE and national datasets following DesInventaropen source data collection tool sponsored by the UNDP and UNISDR.Data availability and quality are improving as international orga-nizations and governments prioritize the collection of disaster loss data.A decade ago, few countries collected damage data or provided datasetsprogress by implementing more standardized methods, such as De-sInventar. 66 (2008)tors: new insights from the August 2002 flood in germany: flood damage and in-risk change in residential areas, Nat. Understanding of afuller range of impacts could be advanced by integrating economicsmethodology into loss assessments, including evaluation of flow lossesand non-market valuation techniques. Both quantitative (propensity score matching) and qualitative (in-depth interviews) techniques are employed. Thus, the risks to one’s physical health are always present until flood waters have receded and clean-up efforts begin. Runyan, R. C. (2006).
Health impacts of floods. . The Risk-Reduction Framework details the processes involved in interventions aimed at mitigating the risk that a hazard will produce a destructive event, and/or in capacity building to augment the resilience of a community to the consequences of such an event.